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Mellor is a village in Greater Manchester, England, between Marple Bridge and New Mills and near the county boundary with Derbyshire.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Peak District View – Mellor )〕 Buildings in the village include St. Thomas' Church, a primary school, golf course, sports club, a riding school, three pubs, The Royal Oak,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marple Pub Guide – The Royal Oak )〕 The Devonshire Arms,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marple Pub Guide – The Devonshire Arms )〕 and The Oddfellows Arms,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marple Pub Guide – the Oddfellows Arms )〕 and the late 17th century Mellor Hall. The village was a civil parish in the county of Derbyshire until 1936 when it was transferred to Marple Urban District in Cheshire; in 1974 it became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport in Greater Manchester. ==History== The ancient past of Mellor is slowly being discovered as a result of a long-term archaeological survey of the area by means of excavations and geophysical surveys, including ground-penetrating radar. Although some history had survived by means of written records and local tradition, it has become clear that such knowledge only scratched the surface and that the extent of Mellor's past had passed from such memories. The origin of the name ''Mellor'' is uncertain. In one Celtic dialect, the term would translate to "the bare (or rounded) hill". The name ''Mellor'' does not appear in the Norman-era Domesday Book, although the neighbouring town of Ludworth (recorded as Lodeuorde) is listed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=National Archives page for the Domesday book entry for "Ludworth in Mellor" )〕 It is possible that Ludworth originally included Mellor and that they split into two distinct areas at a later date. The Saxons built a church at the southernmost end of the Iron Age settlement some time in the 7th or 8th centuries. The church was subsequently destroyed and rebuilt, possibly several times. St. Thomas Church has the oldest known wooden pulpit in Britain, possibly the world.〔Richards (1947), pp. 232–234.〕 Dating from the reign of Edward II (1307–1327), it is octagonal and carved from a single piece of wood.〔Pevsner & Hubbard (2003), p. 279.〕 The church also has a 12th-century font. According to local legend, Mellor Hall is built on the foundations of the house of a Norman nobleman. During excavations of the Iron Age hill fort, a 13th-century hall was discovered.〔(Discovery of Medieval Aisled Hall )〕 By the time of the English Civil War, Marple had become totally dominant in the region. So much so that John Bradshawe, Lord President of the High Court of Justice and Lord of Marple Hall was the first to sign the death warrant of King Charles I.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The Regicides )〕 Samuel Oldknow〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Background on Samuel Oldknow )〕 was a significant businessman〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Samuel Oldknow's Business Records )〕 and mill owner〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Oldknow's Mellor Mill )〕 in Mellor during the Industrial Revolution. Just across the River Goyt, there are the "Roman Lakes".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Mellor Mill & Estate )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Roman Lakes Leisure Park )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Photographs and Paintings of the Roman Lakes )〕 These are not Roman, but were water reservoirs for Samuel Oldknow's Mellor Mill cotton mill, a major employer in the area in the Industrial Revolution. One of the local stories involves the fate of Samuel Oldknow's mill at the Roman Lakes, which was destroyed by fire in November 1892. Accidents at such mills were common, but so were violent rivalries. There have been claims made for both cases. The only thing that can be stated with any certainty is that the mill was gutted by the blaze. The other major figure in Mellor at this time was William Radcliffe, a mill owner who invented many devices for improving the textile industry. At the height of the Industrial Revolution, coal-power supplanted water-power as the driving force and minable coal seams were found in Mellor. Relatively recently, the British Coal Board strip-mined those seams that still had sufficient coal in them. Mellor began to grow during the Victorian era. Before it was very small and consisted of a few houses and Moorend. Nowadays, Moorend is considered a part of Mellor. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mellor, Greater Manchester」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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